Fall in zone 9bPhoto: George Chernilevsky, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Frost dates for ZIP 32034 (Fernandina Beach, FL)
Average last spring and first fall frost dates with 10%, 50% and 90% odds, from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals for the nearest weather station, Fernandina Beach, FL (5 miles away).
Freezes are uncommon here
NOAA's normals for this station show a 32°F night in about 85% of years (about 5 freezing night(s) a year on average). The dates below describe freeze timing for the station's record; in many years there may be no 32°F freeze at all.
- Average last spring frostFeb 250% chance of a 32°F freeze after this date
- Average first fall frostJan 4 (next year)50% chance of a 32°F freeze by this date
- Growing season (frost-free)333 daysmedian, 32°F threshold
- USDA hardiness zone9b25 to 30°F avg. coldest night
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This week in your yard
As of Oct 18, 2026, from your frost dates, zone and soil temperature. Lawn timing · Vegetables · Pruning · Plants
Freezes are uncommon here, so frost-based timing is rough. Local extension calendars for frost-free areas use months.
Soil temperature now
2-inch depth
77°F 55°F or warmer
24-hour average · latest 74°F, as of Oct 18, 1:00 AM CDT
Measured at NOAA USCRN station Brunswick 23 S, 14 mi away. Daily averages: Thu 78°, Fri 79°, Sat 77°.
4-inch depth
78°F 55°F or warmer
24-hour average · latest 77°F, as of Oct 18, 1:00 AM CDT
Measured at NOAA USCRN station Brunswick 23 S, 14 mi away. Daily averages: Thu 77°, Fri 78°, Sat 78°.
Fall: Texas A&M AgriLife times fall pre-emergent (for winter weeds such as annual bluegrass) to soil cooling to about 70°F for several days. The 50–55°F band is the spring trigger. Always read and follow the product label.
7-day forecast and frost risk
The latest National Weather Service 7-day forecast and any Frost Advisory or Freeze Warning for 32034 load here. You can also open the NWS forecast for this ZIP.
Pre-emergent
Soil is 78°F at 4 inches. Fall pre-emergent (annual bluegrass, winter weeds): not yet. Apply as soil cools toward 70°F (typically October to early November).
Fertilizer window
Lawn region: Gulf Coast and peninsular Florida. Timing only; always follow the product label.
- St. Augustinegrass (warm-season): Spring: About 2–3 weeks after full green-up (May in the Carolinas; earlier in Florida and south Texas) (about Mar 13 here, using green-up about 3–4 weeks after your average last frost); Summer: Light feedings June–August where local rules allow; Last: No later than about mid-September in the Carolinas, about 6–8 weeks before first frost elsewhere. Avoid: Feeding before green-up or late in fall (feeds weeds and favors large patch and cold injury).
Plant now
- Kale: fall sowing Sep 28–Oct 26
- Kale: fall transplant Oct 12–Nov 9
- Collards: fall sowing Sep 28–Oct 26
- Collards: fall transplant Oct 12–Nov 9
- Broccoli: fall transplant Sep 28–Oct 26
- Cabbage: fall transplant Sep 28–Oct 26
- Cauliflower: fall transplant Sep 28–Oct 26
- Carrot: fall sowing Oct 12–26
- Pea (garden, snap, snow): fall sowing Oct 12–26
- Bean, bush (snap): fall sowing Oct 12–26
- Cucumber: fall sowing Oct 12–26
- Summer squash / zucchini: fall sowing Oct 12–26
Coming up in the next 3 weeks
- Lettuce: fall sowing Oct 26–Nov 23
- Kohlrabi: fall sowing Oct 26–Nov 9
- Swiss chard: fall sowing Oct 26–Nov 9
- Beet: fall sowing Oct 26–Nov 9
- Turnip: fall sowing Oct 26–Nov 9
- Green onion / scallion: fall sowing Oct 26–Nov 9
- Strawberry (plants): fall transplant Oct 26–Nov 23
Prune now
No frost-timed pruning windows are open this week.
Spring-flowering shrubs are pruned right after their flowers fade, not by date. See the pruning guide.
Last spring frost odds
| Chance of a 32°F freeze after this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 90% (early: most years still freeze after this) | Jan 2 |
| 50% (the "average" last frost) | Feb 2 |
| 10% (cautious: only 1 year in 10 freezes later) | Mar 1 |
Most gardeners plant frost-tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, basil) after the 50% date, and closer to the 10% date for less risk.
First fall frost odds
| Chance the first 32°F freeze has happened by this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 10% (early: 1 year in 10 freezes this soon) | Dec 10 |
| 50% (the "average" first frost) | Jan 4 (next year) |
| 90% (late: most years have frozen by now) | Feb 3 (next year) |
Light frost, freeze and hard freeze
| Threshold | Last spring (50%) | First fall (50%) |
|---|---|---|
| 36°F (light frost possible on clear, calm nights) | Feb 18 | Dec 19 |
| 32°F (freeze) | Feb 2 | Jan 4 (next year) |
| 28°F (hard freeze) | Jan 26 | Jan 13 (next year) |
n/a means NOAA did not publish a date at that threshold for this station (usually because it rarely gets that cold).
Vegetable planting calendar for 32034
Dates count from your average last spring frost (Feb 2) and first fall frost (Jan 4). Half of years have a frost after the spring date, so give tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) some slack.
| Crop | Start indoors | Spring planting | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Dec 8–22 | Feb 9–23 (transplant) | Sep 7–Oct 5 (transplant) |
| Pepper (sweet and hot) | Nov 24–Dec 8 | Feb 16–Mar 2 (transplant) | Sep 14–Oct 5 (transplant) |
| Eggplant | Nov 24–Dec 8 | Feb 16–Mar 2 (transplant) | Sep 14–Oct 5 (transplant) |
| Tomatillo | Dec 8–22 | Feb 9–23 (transplant) | – |
| Lettuce | Dec 8–22 | Jan 12–Feb 2 (transplant) Jan 5–Feb 16 (sow outdoors) | Nov 9–30 (transplant) Oct 26–Nov 23 (sowing) |
| Spinach | – | Dec 22–Jan 12 (sow outdoors) | Nov 9–30 (sowing) |
| Kale | Dec 8–22 | Jan 5–19 (transplant) Jan 5–19 (sow outdoors) | Oct 12–Nov 9 (transplant) Sep 28–Oct 26 (sowing) |
| Collards | Dec 8–22 | Jan 5–Feb 2 (transplant) Jan 5–Feb 2 (sow outdoors) | Oct 12–Nov 9 (transplant) Sep 28–Oct 26 (sowing) |
| Broccoli | Nov 24–Dec 8 | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | Sep 28–Oct 26 (transplant) |
| Cabbage | Nov 24–Dec 8 | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | Sep 28–Oct 26 (transplant) |
| Cauliflower | Nov 24–Dec 8 | Jan 19–Feb 2 (transplant) | Sep 28–Oct 26 (transplant) |
| Brussels sprouts | Nov 10–24 | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | Sep 14–Oct 5 (transplant) |
| Kohlrabi | Dec 8–22 | Jan 5–19 (transplant) Jan 5–19 (sow outdoors) | Oct 26–Nov 9 (sowing) |
| Bok choy / Asian greens | – | Jan 5–19 (sow outdoors) | Nov 9–23 (sowing) |
| Arugula | – | Jan 5–Feb 2 (sow outdoors) | Nov 9–Dec 7 (sowing) |
| Mustard greens | – | Jan 5–26 (sow outdoors) | Nov 9–23 (sowing) |
| Swiss chard | Dec 22–Jan 5 | Jan 19–Feb 9 (transplant) Jan 19–Feb 16 (sow outdoors) | Oct 26–Nov 9 (sowing) |
| Beet | – | Jan 5–Feb 2 (sow outdoors) | Oct 26–Nov 9 (sowing) |
| Carrot | – | Jan 12–Feb 9 (sow outdoors) | Oct 12–26 (sowing) |
| Radish | – | Dec 29–Feb 9 (sow outdoors) | Nov 23–Dec 7 (sowing) |
| Turnip | – | Jan 5–26 (sow outdoors) | Oct 26–Nov 9 (sowing) |
| Parsnip | – | Jan 12–Feb 2 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pea (garden, snap, snow) | – | Dec 8–Jan 5 (sow outdoors) | Oct 12–26 (sowing) |
| Onion (bulbing) | Nov 10–24 | Dec 22–Jan 5 (transplant) | – |
| Green onion / scallion | – | Dec 22–Jan 19 (sow outdoors) | Oct 26–Nov 9 (sowing) |
| Leek | Nov 10–24 | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | – |
| Garlic | – | – | Nov 23–Dec 21 (sowing) |
| Shallot | – | Dec 22–Jan 5 (transplant) | Nov 23–Dec 21 (sowing) |
| Potato | – | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | Sep 14–28 (transplant) |
| Sweet potato | – | Feb 23–Mar 9 (transplant) | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Bean, bush (snap) | – | Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | Oct 12–26 (sowing) |
| Bean, pole | – | Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Lima bean | – | Feb 16–Mar 2 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Southern pea (cowpea, black-eyed pea) | – | Feb 23–Mar 16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cucumber | Jan 5–12 | Feb 9–23 (transplant) Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | Oct 12–26 (sowing) |
| Summer squash / zucchini | Jan 5–12 | Feb 9–23 (transplant) Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | Oct 12–26 (sowing) |
| Winter squash | Jan 5–12 | Feb 9–23 (transplant) Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pumpkin | – | Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Watermelon | Jan 5–12 | Feb 16–Mar 2 (transplant) Feb 16–Mar 2 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cantaloupe / muskmelon | Jan 5–12 | Feb 16–Mar 2 (transplant) Feb 16–Mar 2 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Okra | Dec 22–Jan 5 | Feb 16–Mar 2 (transplant) Feb 16–Mar 2 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Celery | Nov 10–24 | Feb 9–16 (transplant) | – |
| Basil | Dec 22–Jan 5 | Feb 9–23 (transplant) Feb 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cilantro | – | Jan 19–Feb 16 (sow outdoors) | Nov 9–23 (sowing) |
| Parsley | Nov 24–Dec 8 | Jan 19–Feb 2 (transplant) Jan 12–Feb 2 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Dill | – | Feb 2–16 (sow outdoors) | Nov 9–23 (sowing) |
| Sunflower | – | Feb 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Asparagus (crowns) | – | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | – |
| Rhubarb (crowns) | – | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | – |
| Strawberry (plants) | – | Jan 5–19 (transplant) | Oct 26–Nov 23 (transplant) |
Typical ranges from university extension planting calendars, adjusted to your frost dates. Probabilities, not guarantees. Fall windows that would overlap spring planting are left out, as are fall crops of frost-tender plants where the frost-free season is under 210 days.
Plants that do well here
Florida has a university or garden plant program: Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ Plant Guide. Plant frost-tender annuals after February 2 here (the average last frost). Not affiliated with the program.
Where these numbers come from
Station: Fernandina Beach, FL (NOAA GHCN-Daily ID USC00082944), elevation 49 ft, 4.8 miles from the ZIP's center point. NOAA completeness flag: R (representative, 10+ years).
Nearby stations
| Station | Distance | Last frost (50%) | First frost (50%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brunswick 23 S, GA | 14 mi | Feb 19 | Dec 14 |
| Mayport Pilot STN, FL | 14 mi | Feb 1 | Jan 5 (next year) |
| Jacksonville, FL | 15 mi | Feb 25 | Dec 7 |
The average last-frost dates of these stations span 24 days, a rough guide to local variation. See data sources & methods.
Frost questions for 32034
When is the last frost in 32034?
The average (50% chance) last spring freeze of 32°F for ZIP 32034 is February 2. For a more cautious planting date, use March 1, when only 1 year in 10 still sees a later freeze.
When is the first frost in 32034?
The average first fall freeze is January 4 (next year). In 1 year in 10 it comes by December 10.
What hardiness zone is 32034?
ZIP 32034 is in USDA zone 9b (25 to 30°F average coldest winter night), per the 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map ZIP listing.
What is the soil temperature in 32034 right now?
This page shows the latest 2-inch and 4-inch soil temperature from the nearest public soil station (USDA SCAN, NOAA USCRN or TexMesonet), or a labeled estimate when no station is close, against the 50–55°F spring pre-emergent band.
Nearby ZIP codes
32226 Jacksonville 32097 Yulee 31547 Kings Bay Base 32218 Jacksonville 31558 St. Marys 32228 Jacksonville 32227 Jacksonville 32277 Jacksonville
Other ZIP codes in Nassau County
32009 32011 32046 32097 All Nassau County frost dates · Florida frost dates
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Weekly yard timing, plus frost and soil-temperature alerts for your ZIP code.
- Freeze alerts
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Free. One weekly email plus alerts when your ZIP has a frost or a soil-temperature change worth acting on. After you submit, Kit (our email provider) sends a confirmation email: check your email and click the link to confirm. You aren't subscribed until you do. We collect only your email address and ZIP, sent to Kit to deliver The Dial. Unsubscribe anytime.