Fall in zone 10aPhoto: George Chernilevsky, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Frost dates for ZIP 32909 (Palm Bay, FL)
Average last spring and first fall frost dates with 10%, 50% and 90% odds, from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals for the nearest weather station, Palm Bay, FL (1 miles away).
Freezes are uncommon here
NOAA's normals for this station show a 32°F night in about 67% of years (about 1 freezing night(s) a year on average). The dates below describe freeze timing for the station's record; in many years there may be no 32°F freeze at all.
- Average last spring frostJan 3050% chance of a 32°F freeze after this date
- Average first fall frostJan 11 (next year)50% chance of a 32°F freeze by this date
- Growing season (frost-free)343 daysmedian, 32°F threshold
- USDA hardiness zone10a30 to 35°F avg. coldest night
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This week in your yard
As of Oct 18, 2026, from your frost dates, zone and soil temperature. Lawn timing · Vegetables · Pruning · Plants
Freezes are uncommon here, so frost-based timing is rough. Local extension calendars for frost-free areas use months.
Soil temperature now
2-inch depth
79°F 55°F or warmer
24-hour average · latest 76°F, as of Oct 18, 2:00 AM CDT
Estimate Not a measurement at this ZIP: distance-weighted average of Titusville 7 E (50 mi).
4-inch depth
80°F 55°F or warmer
24-hour average · latest 78°F, as of Oct 18, 2:00 AM CDT
Estimate Not a measurement at this ZIP: distance-weighted average of Titusville 7 E (50 mi).
Fall: Texas A&M AgriLife times fall pre-emergent (for winter weeds such as annual bluegrass) to soil cooling to about 70°F for several days. The 50–55°F band is the spring trigger. Always read and follow the product label.
7-day forecast and frost risk
The latest National Weather Service 7-day forecast and any Frost Advisory or Freeze Warning for 32909 load here. You can also open the NWS forecast for this ZIP.
Pre-emergent
Soil is 80°F at 4 inches (estimated soil temperature, not a station reading). Fall pre-emergent (annual bluegrass, winter weeds): not yet. Apply as soil cools toward 70°F (typically October to early November).
Fertilizer window
Lawn region: Gulf Coast and peninsular Florida. Timing only; always follow the product label.
- St. Augustinegrass (warm-season): Spring: About 2–3 weeks after full green-up (May in the Carolinas; earlier in Florida and south Texas) (about Mar 10 here, using green-up about 3–4 weeks after your average last frost); Summer: Light feedings June–August where local rules allow; Last: No later than about mid-September in the Carolinas, about 6–8 weeks before first frost elsewhere. Avoid: Feeding before green-up or late in fall (feeds weeds and favors large patch and cold injury).
Plant now
- Kale: fall sowing Oct 5–Nov 2
- Collards: fall sowing Oct 5–Nov 2
- Broccoli: fall transplant Oct 5–Nov 2
- Cabbage: fall transplant Oct 5–Nov 2
- Cauliflower: fall transplant Oct 5–Nov 2
Coming up in the next 3 weeks
- Lettuce: fall sowing Nov 2–30
- Kale: fall transplant Oct 19–Nov 16
- Collards: fall transplant Oct 19–Nov 16
- Brussels sprouts: start seeds indoors Nov 7–21
- Kohlrabi: fall sowing Nov 2–16
- Swiss chard: fall sowing Nov 2–16
- Beet: fall sowing Nov 2–16
- Carrot: fall sowing Oct 19–Nov 2
- Turnip: fall sowing Nov 2–16
- Pea (garden, snap, snow): fall sowing Oct 19–Nov 2
- Onion (bulbing): start seeds indoors Nov 7–21
- Green onion / scallion: fall sowing Nov 2–16
Prune now
No frost-timed pruning windows are open this week.
Spring-flowering shrubs are pruned right after their flowers fade, not by date. See the pruning guide.
Last spring frost odds
| Chance of a 32°F freeze after this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 90% (early: most years still freeze after this) | Jan 1 |
| 50% (the "average" last frost) | Jan 30 |
| 10% (cautious: only 1 year in 10 freezes later) | Mar 1 |
Most gardeners plant frost-tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, basil) after the 50% date, and closer to the 10% date for less risk.
First fall frost odds
| Chance the first 32°F freeze has happened by this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 10% (early: 1 year in 10 freezes this soon) | Dec 21 |
| 50% (the "average" first frost) | Jan 11 (next year) |
| 90% (late: most years have frozen by now) | Feb 14 (next year) |
Light frost, freeze and hard freeze
| Threshold | Last spring (50%) | First fall (50%) |
|---|---|---|
| 36°F (light frost possible on clear, calm nights) | Feb 11 | Jan 1 (next year) |
| 32°F (freeze) | Jan 30 | Jan 11 (next year) |
| 28°F (hard freeze) | Jan 19 | Jan 14 (next year) |
n/a means NOAA did not publish a date at that threshold for this station (usually because it rarely gets that cold).
Vegetable planting calendar for 32909
Dates count from your average last spring frost (Jan 30) and first fall frost (Jan 11). Half of years have a frost after the spring date, so give tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) some slack.
| Crop | Start indoors | Spring planting | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Dec 5–19 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) | Sep 14–Oct 12 (transplant) |
| Pepper (sweet and hot) | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) | Sep 21–Oct 12 (transplant) |
| Eggplant | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) | Sep 21–Oct 12 (transplant) |
| Tomatillo | Dec 5–19 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) | – |
| Lettuce | Dec 5–19 | Jan 9–30 (transplant) Jan 2–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Nov 16–Dec 7 (transplant) Nov 2–30 (sowing) |
| Spinach | – | Dec 19–Jan 9 (sow outdoors) | Nov 16–Dec 7 (sowing) |
| Kale | Dec 5–19 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) Jan 2–16 (sow outdoors) | Oct 19–Nov 16 (transplant) Oct 5–Nov 2 (sowing) |
| Collards | Dec 5–19 | Jan 2–30 (transplant) Jan 2–30 (sow outdoors) | Oct 19–Nov 16 (transplant) Oct 5–Nov 2 (sowing) |
| Broccoli | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Oct 5–Nov 2 (transplant) |
| Cabbage | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Oct 5–Nov 2 (transplant) |
| Cauliflower | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 16–30 (transplant) | Oct 5–Nov 2 (transplant) |
| Brussels sprouts | Nov 7–21 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Sep 21–Oct 12 (transplant) |
| Kohlrabi | Dec 5–19 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) Jan 2–16 (sow outdoors) | Nov 2–16 (sowing) |
| Bok choy / Asian greens | – | Jan 2–16 (sow outdoors) | Nov 16–30 (sowing) |
| Arugula | – | Jan 2–30 (sow outdoors) | Nov 16–Dec 14 (sowing) |
| Mustard greens | – | Jan 2–23 (sow outdoors) | Nov 16–30 (sowing) |
| Swiss chard | Dec 19–Jan 2 | Jan 16–Feb 6 (transplant) Jan 16–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Nov 2–16 (sowing) |
| Beet | – | Jan 2–30 (sow outdoors) | Nov 2–16 (sowing) |
| Carrot | – | Jan 9–Feb 6 (sow outdoors) | Oct 19–Nov 2 (sowing) |
| Radish | – | Dec 26–Feb 6 (sow outdoors) | Nov 30–Dec 14 (sowing) |
| Turnip | – | Jan 2–23 (sow outdoors) | Nov 2–16 (sowing) |
| Parsnip | – | Jan 9–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pea (garden, snap, snow) | – | Dec 5–Jan 2 (sow outdoors) | Oct 19–Nov 2 (sowing) |
| Onion (bulbing) | Nov 7–21 | Dec 19–Jan 2 (transplant) | – |
| Green onion / scallion | – | Dec 19–Jan 16 (sow outdoors) | Nov 2–16 (sowing) |
| Leek | Nov 7–21 | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Garlic | – | – | Nov 30–Dec 28 (sowing) |
| Shallot | – | Dec 19–Jan 2 (transplant) | Nov 30–Dec 28 (sowing) |
| Potato | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Sep 21–Oct 5 (transplant) |
| Sweet potato | – | Feb 20–Mar 6 (transplant) | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Bean, bush (snap) | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | Oct 19–Nov 2 (sowing) |
| Bean, pole | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Lima bean | – | Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Southern pea (cowpea, black-eyed pea) | – | Feb 20–Mar 13 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cucumber | Jan 2–9 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | Oct 19–Nov 2 (sowing) |
| Summer squash / zucchini | Jan 2–9 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | Oct 19–Nov 2 (sowing) |
| Winter squash | Jan 2–9 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pumpkin | – | Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Watermelon | Jan 2–9 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cantaloupe / muskmelon | Jan 2–9 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Okra | Dec 19–Jan 2 | Feb 13–27 (transplant) Feb 13–27 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Celery | Nov 7–21 | Feb 6–13 (transplant) | – |
| Basil | Dec 19–Jan 2 | Feb 6–20 (transplant) Feb 6–20 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cilantro | – | Jan 16–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Nov 16–30 (sowing) |
| Parsley | Nov 21–Dec 5 | Jan 16–30 (transplant) Jan 9–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Dill | – | Jan 30–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | Nov 16–30 (sowing) |
| Sunflower | – | Jan 30–Feb 13 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Asparagus (crowns) | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Rhubarb (crowns) | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Strawberry (plants) | – | Jan 2–16 (transplant) | Nov 2–30 (transplant) |
Typical ranges from university extension planting calendars, adjusted to your frost dates. Probabilities, not guarantees. Fall windows that would overlap spring planting are left out, as are fall crops of frost-tender plants where the frost-free season is under 210 days.
Plants that do well here
Florida has a university or garden plant program: Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ Plant Guide. Plant frost-tender annuals after January 30 here (the average last frost). Not affiliated with the program.
Where these numbers come from
Station: Palm Bay, FL (NOAA GHCN-Daily ID USC00086761), elevation 27 ft, 1.4 miles from the ZIP's center point. NOAA completeness flag: E (estimated from nearby stations).
Nearby stations
| Station | Distance | Last frost (50%) | First frost (50%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melbourne Beach A1A, FL | 13 mi | Jan 16 | Jan 13 (next year) |
| Melbourne Intl AP, FL | 14 mi | Jan 20 | Jan 12 (next year) |
| Melbourne WFO, FL | 15 mi | Jan 24 | Jan 9 (next year) |
The average last-frost dates of these stations span 14 days, a rough guide to local variation. See data sources & methods.
Frost questions for 32909
When is the last frost in 32909?
The average (50% chance) last spring freeze of 32°F for ZIP 32909 is January 30. For a more cautious planting date, use March 1, when only 1 year in 10 still sees a later freeze.
When is the first frost in 32909?
The average first fall freeze is January 11 (next year). In 1 year in 10 it comes by December 21.
What hardiness zone is 32909?
ZIP 32909 is in USDA zone 10a (30 to 35°F average coldest winter night), per the 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map ZIP listing.
What is the soil temperature in 32909 right now?
This page shows the latest 2-inch and 4-inch soil temperature from the nearest public soil station (USDA SCAN, NOAA USCRN or TexMesonet), or a labeled estimate when no station is close, against the 50–55°F spring pre-emergent band.
Nearby ZIP codes
32908 Palm Bay 32949 Grant-Valkaria 32976 Micco 32950 Malabar 32907 Palm Bay 32905 Palm Bay 32948 Fellsmere 32951 Melbourne Beach
Other ZIP codes in Brevard County
32754 32775 32780 32796 32899 32901 32903 32904 32905 32907 32908 32920 32922 32925 32926 32927 32931 32934 32935 32937 32940 32949 32950 32951 All Brevard County frost dates · Florida frost dates
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- Freeze alerts
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Free. One weekly email plus alerts when your ZIP has a frost or a soil-temperature change worth acting on. After you submit, Kit (our email provider) sends a confirmation email: check your email and click the link to confirm. You aren't subscribed until you do. We collect only your email address and ZIP, sent to Kit to deliver The Dial. Unsubscribe anytime.