Fall in zone 4bPhoto: Dietmar Rabich, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Frost dates for ZIP 59419 (Bynum, MT)
Average last spring and first fall frost dates with 10%, 50% and 90% odds, from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals for the nearest weather station, Blackleaf, MT (6 miles away).
- Average last spring frostJun 950% chance of a 32°F freeze after this date
- Average first fall frostSep 350% chance of a 32°F freeze by this date
- Growing season (frost-free)86 daysmedian, 32°F threshold
- USDA hardiness zone4b-25 to -20°F avg. coldest night
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This week in your yard
As of Oct 18, 2026, from your frost dates, zone and soil temperature. Lawn timing · Vegetables · Pruning · Plants
Soil temperature now
2-inch depth
46°F Below 50°F
24-hour average · latest 45°F, as of Oct 18, 2:00 AM CDT
Estimate Not a measurement at this ZIP: distance-weighted average of Conrad Ag Rc (30 mi), Violett (61 mi).
4-inch depth
46°F Below 50°F
24-hour average · latest 47°F, as of Oct 18, 2:00 AM CDT
Estimate Not a measurement at this ZIP: distance-weighted average of Conrad Ag Rc (30 mi), Violett (61 mi).
Fall: Texas A&M AgriLife times fall pre-emergent (for winter weeds such as annual bluegrass) to soil cooling to about 70°F for several days. The 50–55°F band is the spring trigger. Always read and follow the product label.
7-day forecast and frost risk
The latest National Weather Service 7-day forecast and any Frost Advisory or Freeze Warning for 59419 load here. You can also open the NWS forecast for this ZIP.
Pre-emergent
Soil is 46°F at 4 inches (estimated soil temperature, not a station reading). Fall pre-emergent window is mostly past. Next: spring, when soil reaches 50°F (typically mid-April to mid-May).
Fertilizer window
Lawn region: Mountain West and High Plains. Timing only; always follow the product label.
- Kentucky bluegrass (cool-season): Early fall: Around Labor Day (late August–September); Late fall: Late October–November, before the ground freezes; Late spring: Optional around Memorial Day. Avoid: Early-spring and midsummer feeding (pushes top growth, favors crabgrass).
Plant now
No vegetable planting windows are open this week.
Prune now
No frost-timed pruning windows are open this week.
Spring-flowering shrubs are pruned right after their flowers fade, not by date. See the pruning guide.
Last spring frost odds
| Chance of a 32°F freeze after this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 90% (early: most years still freeze after this) | May 25 |
| 50% (the "average" last frost) | Jun 9 |
| 10% (cautious: only 1 year in 10 freezes later) | Jul 2 |
Most gardeners plant frost-tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, basil) after the 50% date, and closer to the 10% date for less risk.
First fall frost odds
| Chance the first 32°F freeze has happened by this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 10% (early: 1 year in 10 freezes this soon) | Aug 19 |
| 50% (the "average" first frost) | Sep 3 |
| 90% (late: most years have frozen by now) | Sep 18 |
Light frost, freeze and hard freeze
| Threshold | Last spring (50%) | First fall (50%) |
|---|---|---|
| 36°F (light frost possible on clear, calm nights) | n/a | n/a |
| 32°F (freeze) | Jun 9 | Sep 3 |
| 28°F (hard freeze) | May 23 | Sep 17 |
n/a means NOAA did not publish a date at that threshold for this station (usually because it rarely gets that cold).
Vegetable planting calendar for 59419
Dates count from your average last spring frost (Jun 9) and first fall frost (Sep 3). Half of years have a frost after the spring date, so give tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) some slack.
| Crop | Start indoors | Spring planting | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Apr 14–28 | Jun 16–30 (transplant) | – |
| Pepper (sweet and hot) | Mar 31–Apr 14 | Jun 23–Jul 7 (transplant) | – |
| Eggplant | Mar 31–Apr 14 | Jun 23–Jul 7 (transplant) | – |
| Tomatillo | Apr 14–28 | Jun 16–30 (transplant) | – |
| Lettuce | Apr 14–28 | May 19–Jun 9 (transplant) May 12–Jun 23 (sow outdoors) | Jul 9–30 (transplant) Jun 25–Jul 23 (sowing) |
| Spinach | – | Apr 28–May 19 (sow outdoors) | Jul 9–30 (sowing) |
| Kale | Apr 14–28 | May 12–26 (transplant) May 12–26 (sow outdoors) | Jun 11–Jul 9 (transplant) May 28–Jun 25 (sowing) |
| Collards | Apr 14–28 | May 12–Jun 9 (transplant) May 12–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | Jun 11–Jul 9 (transplant) |
| Broccoli | Mar 31–Apr 14 | May 12–26 (transplant) | May 28–Jun 25 (transplant) |
| Cabbage | Mar 31–Apr 14 | May 12–26 (transplant) | May 28–Jun 25 (transplant) |
| Cauliflower | Mar 31–Apr 14 | May 26–Jun 9 (transplant) | – |
| Brussels sprouts | Mar 17–31 | May 12–26 (transplant) | – |
| Kohlrabi | Apr 14–28 | May 12–26 (transplant) May 12–26 (sow outdoors) | Jun 25–Jul 9 (sowing) |
| Bok choy / Asian greens | – | May 12–26 (sow outdoors) | Jul 9–23 (sowing) |
| Arugula | – | May 12–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | Jul 9–Aug 6 (sowing) |
| Mustard greens | – | May 12–Jun 2 (sow outdoors) | Jul 9–23 (sowing) |
| Swiss chard | Apr 28–May 12 | May 26–Jun 16 (transplant) May 26–Jun 23 (sow outdoors) | Jun 25–Jul 9 (sowing) |
| Beet | – | May 12–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | Jun 25–Jul 9 (sowing) |
| Carrot | – | May 19–Jun 16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Radish | – | May 5–Jun 16 (sow outdoors) | Jul 23–Aug 6 (sowing) |
| Turnip | – | May 12–Jun 2 (sow outdoors) | Jun 25–Jul 9 (sowing) |
| Parsnip | – | May 19–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pea (garden, snap, snow) | – | Apr 14–May 12 (sow outdoors) | Jun 11–25 (sowing) |
| Onion (bulbing) | Mar 17–31 | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | – |
| Green onion / scallion | – | Apr 28–May 26 (sow outdoors) | Jun 25–Jul 9 (sowing) |
| Leek | Mar 17–31 | May 12–26 (transplant) | – |
| Garlic | – | – | Jul 23–Aug 20 (sowing) |
| Shallot | – | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | Jul 23–Aug 20 (sowing) |
| Potato | – | May 12–26 (transplant) | – |
| Sweet potato | – | Jun 30–Jul 14 (transplant) | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Bean, bush (snap) | – | Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Bean, pole | – | Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Lima bean | – | Jun 23–Jul 7 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Southern pea (cowpea, black-eyed pea) | – | Jun 30–Jul 21 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cucumber | May 12–19 | Jun 16–30 (transplant) Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Summer squash / zucchini | May 12–19 | Jun 16–30 (transplant) Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Winter squash | May 12–19 | Jun 16–30 (transplant) Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pumpkin | – | Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Watermelon | May 12–19 | Jun 23–Jul 7 (transplant) Jun 23–Jul 7 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cantaloupe / muskmelon | May 12–19 | Jun 23–Jul 7 (transplant) Jun 23–Jul 7 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Okra | Apr 28–May 12 | Jun 23–Jul 7 (transplant) Jun 23–Jul 7 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Celery | Mar 17–31 | Jun 16–23 (transplant) | – |
| Basil | Apr 28–May 12 | Jun 16–30 (transplant) Jun 16–30 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cilantro | – | May 26–Jun 23 (sow outdoors) | Jul 9–23 (sowing) |
| Parsley | Mar 31–Apr 14 | May 26–Jun 9 (transplant) May 19–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Dill | – | Jun 9–23 (sow outdoors) | Jul 9–23 (sowing) |
| Sunflower | – | Jun 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Asparagus (crowns) | – | May 12–26 (transplant) | – |
| Rhubarb (crowns) | – | May 12–26 (transplant) | – |
| Strawberry (plants) | – | May 12–26 (transplant) | Jun 25–Jul 23 (transplant) |
Typical ranges from university extension planting calendars, adjusted to your frost dates. Probabilities, not guarantees. Fall windows that would overlap spring planting are left out, as are fall crops of frost-tender plants where the frost-free season is under 210 days.
Where these numbers come from
Station: Blackleaf, MT (NOAA GHCN-Daily ID USC00240877), elevation 4,235 ft, 6.4 miles from the ZIP's center point. NOAA completeness flag: R (representative, 10+ years).
Nearby stations
| Station | Distance | Last frost (50%) | First frost (50%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bynum 4 SSE, MT | 3 mi | May 16 | Sep 27 |
| Choteau, MT | 12 mi | May 28 | Sep 12 |
| Choteau 8NE, MT | 15 mi | May 20 | Sep 22 |
The average last-frost dates of these stations span 24 days, a rough guide to local variation. See data sources & methods.
Frost questions for 59419
When is the last frost in 59419?
The average (50% chance) last spring freeze of 32°F for ZIP 59419 is June 9. For a more cautious planting date, use July 2, when only 1 year in 10 still sees a later freeze.
When is the first frost in 59419?
The average first fall freeze is September 3. In 1 year in 10 it comes by August 19.
What hardiness zone is 59419?
ZIP 59419 is in USDA zone 4b (-25 to -20°F average coldest winter night), per the 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map ZIP listing.
What is the soil temperature in 59419 right now?
This page shows the latest 2-inch and 4-inch soil temperature from the nearest public soil station (USDA SCAN, NOAA USCRN or TexMesonet), or a labeled estimate when no station is close, against the 50–55°F spring pre-emergent band.
Nearby ZIP codes
59467 Rockport Colony 59422 New Rockport Colony 59432 Dupuyer 59425 Conrad 59436 Fairfield 59486 Valier 59433 Dutton 59448 Heart Butte
Other ZIP codes in Teton County
59422 59433 59436 59467 59468 All Teton County frost dates · Montana frost dates
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Weekly yard timing, plus frost and soil-temperature alerts for your ZIP code.
- Freeze alerts
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Free. One weekly email plus alerts when your ZIP has a frost or a soil-temperature change worth acting on. After you submit, Kit (our email provider) sends a confirmation email: check your email and click the link to confirm. You aren't subscribed until you do. We collect only your email address and ZIP, sent to Kit to deliver The Dial. Unsubscribe anytime.